Promoting regular physical activity in patients: The importance of perceived effort

Physical activity is associated with a wide range of health benefits. However, many patients fail to reach recommended levels of physical activity. To date, interventions to promote physical activity in patients have been largely based on motivational and health models, which present cognitive processes as an essential determinant of behavior. However, meta-analyses indicate that these interventions are more effective in modifying intentions than in modifying behavior itself. It is therefore necessary to develop interventions targeting alternative mechanisms. In this sense, recent studies have shown that an automatic propensity to minimize perceived effort could explain the gap between intention to be physically active and actual engagement in physical activity. After presenting the theoretical framework, this article explains how integrating the theory of effort minimization into patient management can help promote their engagement in regular physical activity. Finally, practical tips and advice are offered to health and physical activity professionals whose aim is to promote this commitment.